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Magneto is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, commonly in association with the X-Men. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby, the character first appears in ''The X-Men'' #1 (cover-dated Sept. 1963) as the archenemy of the X-Men. The character is a powerful "mutant", one of a fictional subspecies of humanity born with superhuman abilities, who has the ability to generate and control magnetic fields. Magneto regards mutants as evolutionarily superior to humans and rejects the possibility of peaceful human-mutant coexistence; he aims to conquer the world to enable mutants (whom he refers to as "homo superior") to replace humans as the dominant species. Writers have since fleshed out his origins and motivations, revealing that his extreme methods and philosophy derive from his past as a Holocaust survivor (this background has shaped his determination to protect mutantkind from suffering a similar fate at the hands of a world that fears and persecutes mutants). He was once a friend of Professor X, leader of the X-Men, but their different philosophies caused a rift in their friendship. Magneto's role in comics has varied from supervillain to antihero to superhero, having served as an occasional ally and even a member of the X-Men at times. His character's early history has been compared with the civil rights leader Malcolm X and Jewish Defense League founder Meir Kahane. Magneto resents the pacifist attitude of Professor X and pushes for a more aggressive approach to achieving civil rights. In 2011, IGN ranked Magneto as the greatest comic book villain of all time, outranking 99 other villains for the top spot. Sir Ian McKellen portrayed Magneto in four films of the ''X-Men'' film series, while Michael Fassbender portrayed a younger version of the character in the 2011 prequel ''X-Men: First Class''. In addition, both actors reprised the role in the film ''X-Men: Days of Future Past'', set in two different eras. Fassbender will reprise his role in the 2016 film ''X-Men: Apocalypse''. ==Publication history== Magneto first appeared in the debut issue of ''X-Men'' in 1963. Through the 1960s, Magneto appeared in several issues of the original X-Men comics, including ''Uncanny X-Men'', ''X-Men'', ''Astonishing X-Men'', ''Alpha Flight'', ''Cable'', ''Excalibur'', ''The New Mutants'', many X-Men miniseries, and several other Marvel titles. His first solo title was a one-shot special, ''Magneto: The Twisting of a Soul'' #0 (September 1993), published when the character returned from a brief absence; it reprinted Magneto-based stories from ''Classic X-Men'' #12 & 19 (August 1987 & March 1988), by writer Chris Claremont and artist John Bolton. In a 2008 interview, Stan Lee said he "did not think of Magneto as a bad guy. He just wanted to strike back at the people who were so bigoted and racist... he was trying to defend the mutants, and because society was not treating them fairly he was going to teach society a lesson. He was a danger of course... but I never thought of him as a villain."〔''Marvel Spotlight: Uncanny X-Men 500 Issues Celebration'', pp. 5-7〕 In the same interview, he also revealed that he originally planned for Magneto to be the brother of his nemesis Professor X.〔 Writer Chris Claremont confirmed that Malcolm X was an inspiration for Magneto's development, as Martin Luther King Jr was for Professor X.〔(【引用サイトリンク】last=Young )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】last=Hanks )〕 Magneto's first original title was the four-issue miniseries ''Magneto'' (November 1996 - February 1997), by writers Peter Milligan and Jorge Gonzalez, and penciller Kelley Jones. In the miniseries, Magneto had been de-aged and suffered from amnesia, calling himself Joseph; it was later revealed that Joseph was a younger clone of Magneto. Later, Magneto became ruler of the nation Genosha. Later, Magneto appeared in two miniseries; ''Magneto Rex'' (written by Joe Pruett and drawn by Brandon Peterson) and ''Magneto: Dark Seduction'' (written by Fabian Nicieza and drawn by Roger Cruz). A trade paperback novel detailing Magneto's childhood, ''X-Men: Magneto Testament'' was written by Greg Pak and released in September 2008. Pak based ''Magneto Testament'' on accounts from Holocaust survivors. Before the publication of ''X-Men: Magneto Testament'', Magneto's personal background and history were established in ''Uncanny X-Men'' #150 (Aug. 1981). He was portrayed as a Jewish Holocaust survivor; while searching for his wife Magda, a Sinti, Magneto maintained a cover identity as a Sinti.〔''X-Men'' vol. 2, #72〕 This created confusion among some readers as to Magneto's heritage,〔(''The Religious Affiliation of Comic Book Character Erik Magnus Lehnsherr — Magneto'' ). URL last checked 2010-09-28.〕 until his Jewish background was confirmed in ''Magneto: Testament''.〔〔Meth, Clifford. (''Protocols of the Elders of Marvel'' ). URL last checked 2010-09-28.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Magneto (comics)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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